LITHOSPHERE Vocab Terms & Topics Needed for the Exam

LITHOSPHERE Vocab Terms & Topics Needed for the Exam:

Look over these...if you don't know them, define, make flash cards, and study!!!

KQ1

Core

Mantle

Asthenosphere

Oceanic Crust

Continental Crust

Seismic Waves (how they determine structure of Earth)

Plate Tectonics

Convection Currents

Ocean Floor Spreading

Destructive (convergent) Boundaries

Constructive (divergent) Boundaries

Conservative (transform) Boundaries

Evidence of Plate Movement:  Palaeo-Magnetism; Palaeontology; Geologic Fit

KQ2

Earthquakes:  Causes; Process and Effects; How to measure by magnitude and intensity; Frequency; MEDC vs LEDC

Volcanoes: Types of Eruptions (Explosive vs Basaltic), Effects of eruptions (MEDC vs LEDC)

Tsunamis

Landslides

Ground Deformation

Volcanic Ash

Lava

Hot Ash Clouds

Analysis/Prediction/Aid Methods of EQ and Volcanoes:  Historic Records, Frequency, Seismic Evidence, Tilt Metres, Chemical Analysis of Air, Building Design, Rescue and Aid

KQ3

Rock Weathering – Mechanical and Chemical

Rock types: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic

Rock Falls

Landslides

Earth Slumps

Soil Creep

Solifluction

Mudflows

Rotational Slumping

Slope Angle Reduction

Afforestation

Drainage and Surface Protection

KQ4

Soil Formation and Characteristics: Texture; Biotic/Abiotic Components

Soil Profiles (Layers, etc.) for Different Biomes: Temperate Podzols, Brown Earths, Tropical Laterites, Rainforest Soils

Soil Erosion/Deterioration Causes: Agriculture, Deforestation, Grazing, Salinisation, and Compaction

Management of Soils: Sustainable Agriculture and Watering Methods (Crop Rotation, Irrigation Methods, Shelter Belts, etc.)

KQ5

Renewable Resources – HEP, Tidal, Wave, Solar, Wind

Non-Renewable Resources – Coal, Oil, Natural Gas, Nuclear

Alternative Resources

Recyclable Resources

Energy/Fuel Use in MEDCs vs LEDCs

Energy Conservation Methods

Urban Sprawl – MEDC vs LEDC

Conservation Areas

National Parks